Ocular therapy device

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to an ocular therapy device having a radiation source emitting UV light and an optical imaging system disposed downstream of the radiation source for imaging a therapy beam coming from the radiation source in an ocular imaging plane, wherein an optical condenser unit is disposed downstream of the radiation source and comprising a diaphragm unit, an optical means for influencing a spatial energy distribution which can be associated with the therapy beam and is oriented along the therapy beam cross-section, and comprising an optical means for influencing a beam form, which can be associated with the therapy beam.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Reference is made to German Patent Application No. 10 2013 007 074.0, filed on Apr. 23, 2013, and International Patent Application No. PCT/2014/000798, filed on Mar. 21, 2014 which applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an ocular therapy device having a source that emits UV light and an optical imaging system located downstream from the radiation source for imaging a therapy beam emitted by the radiation source in an ocular imaging plane, having an optical condenser unit situated downstream from the radiation source, a diaphragm unit, an optical device for influencing a spatial energy distribution that can be assigned to the therapy beam and is oriented along the therapy beam cross section and an optical device for influencing the beam shape of the therapy beam.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

DE 10 2006 030 219 A1 describes a generic irradiation system for medical applications in which a photo-induced cross-linking of ocular tissue, that is, optic tissue, is initiated by ultraviolet radiation. In particular, in the presence of photosensitizers which are additionally introduced into the optic tissue to be treated, a local application of UV radiation to the eye to be treated is capable of altering the biomechanical properties of the ocular tissue. Ocular tissue regions, in particular of the external fibrous tunic of the eyeball, in particular the region of the cornea, can be treated with the help of such a photo-induced treatment. Deformations in the external regions, in particular of the external fibrous tunic of the eyeball and in particular the region of the cornea, can be treated. Deformations of the external fibrous tunic of the eyeball, which are caused by diseases or heredity and are usually associated with faulty vision, can typically be treated by photo-induced cross-linking of the ocular tissue, especially since the treatment permits a photochemical stabilization, which does not cause tissue ablation and permits a change in the biomechanical or biochemical properties of the cornea.

A generic treatment device typically has a UV radiation source, whose emitted UV radiation is imaged on an ocular imaging plane with the help of an optical system having at least two lenses. The section of the eye to be treated in a patient to be treated, for example, the cornea of a patient's eye, is positioned in the ocular imaging plane. To influence the beam size and also the energy distribution along the beam cross section of the therapy beam imaged in the ocular imaging plane, a diaphragm, which limits the therapy beam geometrically, as well as an optical element, which influences the energy distribution of the therapy beam and has a diffractive or holographic effect, are introduced along the path of the therapy beam.

EP 2 380 535 A1 describes a device for cross-linking ocular tissue with electromagnetic radiation, in which an optical device for adjusting a heterogeneous distribution of the radiation current density of the therapy beam imaged in the ocular imaging plane is introduced along the path of the therapy beam. In particular, the optical device is capable of adjusting the depth of treatment of the electromagnetic radiation in the desired manner within the ocular tissue to be treated, which is situated in the ocular imaging plane. For example, an absorber plate, through which the therapy beam passes and which has different absorption regions along the cross section of the therapy beam, is suitable for this purpose.

DE 10 2010 020 194 A1 discloses a method and a device for stabilizing the ocular cornea, in which the cornea is irradiated successively and locally in different regions, such that collagen fibers are cross-linked with one another in the irradiated locations. For irradiation in different locations, the therapy beam path is designed optically, so that the laser beam irradiates only a local portion of the cornea at one point in time but not the entire cornea.

Generic treatment devices that are known so far have a complex and usually expensive equipment setup, which must be adjusted accurately with respect to a spatially fixed patient's eye to be treated by a surgeon capable of performing eye surgery treatment measures.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is based on an object of improving upon a generic ocular treatment device with a radiation source that emits UV light and an optical imaging system situated downstream from the radiation source, for imaging a therapy beam emitted by the radiation source in an ocular imaging plane, with an optical condenser unit situated downstream from the radiation source, a diaphragm unit, an optical device for influencing a spatial energy distribution that can be assigned to the therapy beam and is oriented along the therapy beam cross section, as well as with an optical device for influencing a shape that can be assigned to the therapy beam, such that the cost of implementing the treatment device can be reduced significantly without having to accept any disadvantages with regard to the beam properties of the therapy beam imaged in the ocular imaging plane. Instead, the base of operation of the treatment device for the treating ophthalmologist is improved and the therapeutically effective beam properties are optimized as much as possible to the geometry of the patient's eye to be treated.

The ocular treatment device according to the invention is characterized by the agent for influencing the energy distribution that can be attributed to the therapy beam is a diaphragm, produced by an etching technique. The etched diaphragm is an inexpensive component to manufacture. A graticule, which is a transparent plate having at least one line grid printed on at least one side with the at least one line being opaque for the UV light of the radiation source, is also a suitable alternative to an etched diaphragm.

Furthermore, the optical device for influencing the beam form of the therapy beam is designed as at least one aspherical optical lens, by which the therapy beam is sharply imaged onto the spatially curved shape of the cornea of a patient's eye to be treated. That is, the ocular imaging plane assumes the shape of a curved focal surface, which is preferably adapted to the natural curvature of the eye. For this reason, the term “ocular imaging plane” is understood in the following text to refer to a spatially curved focal surface, along which the multiple beam focus points, comprising a beam cross section imaged on the ocular imaging plane, are focused.

For the purposes of facilitated and, at the same time, accurately positioning of the ocular treatment device with respect to a patient's eye to be treated, that is, for the purpose of centering as well as focusing the therapy beam in relation to an eye that has been fixed spatially and is to be treated, at least three spatially separate target beams of light are arranged spatially around the therapy beam directed at the ocular imaging plane. A stenopeic, that is a pinhole, diaphragm is introduced along each of the individual beam paths, so that the diaphragm hole is imageable through an optical imaging unit in the ocular imaging plane, so that at least three target beams of light imaged in the ocular imaging plane are equally distributed on a circular line, by which the diameter of the circle is between 3 and 15 millimeters, preferably between 5 and 8 millimeters, especially preferably 6 millimeters. The wavelength of the individual target beams of light is selected, so that an ophthalmologist performing the treatment is capable of recognizing the reflected images created on the surface of the cornea by the target beams of light with the highest possible contrast, so that these serve as precise adjustment aids for the ophthalmologist. The therapy beam whose wavelength in the ultraviolet spectral range remains invisible to the ophthalmologist is correctly adjusted and/or positioned with respect to the eye to be treated as soon as the diaphragm holes of the target beams of light are imaged sharply and concentrically around the pupil of the eye to be treated.

Furthermore, care must be taken to ensure that the direction of viewing of the patient's eye to be treated remains unchanged as much as possible during the examination. Therefore, a fixation beam is additionally arranged as an adjustment aid for the patient along the therapy beam, which is directed at the ocular imaging plane, such that a stenopeic diaphragm, whose diaphragm hole can be imaged sharply by an imaging lens in an imaging plane located downstream from the ocular imaging plane in the direction of the beam. The imaging lens to be provided here should be selected in a suitable manner, so that the image of the diaphragm hole along the fixation beam of light is seen sharply by the eye of the patient to be treated. Consequently, the diaphragm hole is imaged sharply on the retina of the patient's eye to be treated. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one aspherical optical lens itself serves as the imaging lens, which images the fixation beam of light and with which the beam shape of the therapy beam is adapted to the curvature of the eye to treated and is imaged sharply optically.

Due to the use of an etched diaphragm, which can be manufactured by an inexpensive etching technique and which has a diaphragm region that is permeable for the therapy beam, the number, shape and size of which can be preselected as desired, depending on the desired energy distribution along the therapy beam cross section, this makes available an extremely inexpensive component, which can be used as a replaceable insertion module in the beam path of the therapy beam and can be kept on hand in different embodiments in the manner of a modular principle, so that the treatment device can be adapted individually to patient-specific treatment needs.

Instead of the etched plate, a graticule with a suitably designed line pattern may be used to the same extent so that its pattern lines forms extremely fine structures.

In the same way, the at least one aspherical optical lens for beam shaping of the therapy beam that can be imaged on the ocular image plane constitutes an inexpensive measure with which it is possible to sharply image the therapy beam, which is predetermined individually in its energy distribution, on the spatially curved ocular imaging plane, which is adapted to the surface shape of the eye, or to put it better, the ocular focal surface. Significant cost reductions can be achieved through the two measures mentioned above.

By additionally providing at least three target light beams arranged separately in space around the therapy beam directed at the ocular image plane as well as the fixation light beam running along the therapy beam, the handling of the treatment device designed according to the invention can be improved significantly for the ophthalmologist for the purpose of accurate adjustment of the treatment device in relation to the eye to be treated. Due to the positioning of the treatment device that can be performed by the ophthalmologist with respect to the eye to be treated, independently of the visual impression of the patient to be treated, no communication is necessary between the patient and ophthalmologist, so that the treatment of patients who speak a foreign language or patients who are unable to speak or can no longer speak, for example, babies, small children or animals, is possible with no problem.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings as examples, without restricting the general inventive idea, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the beam path and the optical components required for for implementing the treatment device designed according to the invention;

FIGS. 2 aand b show detailed diagrams to illustrate the components for implementation of the target light beams,

FIGS. 3 a, b, c and d show alternative embodiments for implementation of an etching diaphragm and a graticule;

FIG. 4 shows a detailed diagram to illustrate the creation and imaging of the fixation beam of light on the retina of an eye to be treated;

FIG. 5 show a comparison of the beam path between an optical lens with and without the asphericity; and

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a component display for a treatment device designed according to the invention, with input of another beam path, for example, for examining the ocular fundus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows in a schematic diagram the component design of a treatment device 1 designed according to the invention which is integrated into a housing 2 that can be handled manually and is to be positioned opposite an eye 3 that is to be treated. The treatment device 1 comprises a beam source 4, which emits UV radiation. LED light sources or lasers are preferably suitable. The UV light emitted from the radiation source 4 is focused by a condenser unit 5 for homogeneous illumination of a first intermediate image plane 6 and is imaged therein, while the illumination optical system 7, comprised of two lenses 7.1 and 7.2, is imaged in a second intermediate image plane 8. For lateral spatial limitation of the therapy beam 10 propagating along the first optical axis 9 defined by the illumination lens, an iris diaphragm 11 is mounted directly after the first lens 7.1 of the illumination optical system 7. A diaphragm diameter which is variably adjustable can be used for this spatial limitation. The choice of the diaphragm diameter can be made as a function of the respective therapeutically active beam diameter size required at the site of the eye to be treated with the help of a suitably designed adjusting unit.

Furthermore, an etched diaphragm 12 is situated outside of the second intermediate image plane 8 which is situated downstream from the beam path along the first optical axis 9 of the illumination optical system 7. The extensive distribution of the diaphragm regions that are permeable for the therapy beam 10 as well as their shape and size make possible predefining the energy distribution of the therapy beam 10 along its therapy beam cross section in a suitable manner. Details regarding the possible design of such an etched diaphragm are also given below with reference to FIG. 3. Instead of the etched diaphragm 12, a graticule 33 can also be used as shown in FIG. 3 d for a possible design.

An optical deflecting unit 13, which is mounted in the beam path of the therapy beam 10 and is preferably designed in the form of a dividing mirror, ensures a deflection of the therapy beam 10, preferably oriented by 90° out of the first optical axis 9 into a second optical axis 14, along which an aspherical lens 15 is mounted downstream from the deflecting unit 13. The aspherical lens 15 is arranged and designed in such a way that it is capable of sharply focusing the therapy beam 10 on an ocular imaging plane 16, wherein the ocular imaging plane 16 corresponds to a curved focal surface that corresponds to the curved surface 17 of the cornea of the eye 3 to be treated. Due to the aspherical lens 15, the beam profile of the therapy beam 10 striking the eye to be treated is shaped, so that the therapy beam 10 is imaged in its entire cross-sectional area with precise focusing on the naturally curved corneal surface. To illustrate this beam shaping, reference is made here to FIG. 5, in which the circular line K corresponds to the naturally curved corneal surface 17. Due to the aspherical lens 15, the focal plane of the optical image is deformed exactly along the curved corneal surface 17, so that a sharp image of the therapy beam 10 on the entire corneal surface is ensured (see FIG. 5). In this case, an aspherical lens 15 sharply images a beam, which is imaged in an intermediate image plain Z, on a curved focal plane, which corresponds to the ocular “curved” imaging plane 16 in the case of the subject matter of the present patent application. It can be seen clearly that the plurality of beam focus points comprising the beam focus in its entire lateral beam cross-sectional extent lie along the focal surface K, which has a circular curvature.

In addition, the treatment device 1 according to the invention provides three target beams of light 18, arranged so that they are equally distributed around the second optical axis 14, but FIG. 1 shows only two of these target beams of light for illustration purposes. These make it easier for the treating ophthalmologist to accurately position the treatment device 1 in relation to a patient's eye 3 that is to be treated and is fixed in spatial position.

A light source 19 is used to generate each of the at least three target light beams 18. The wavelength of the source 19 is in the visible spectral range and is selected, so that it is reflected on the iris with the greatest possible contrast. A stenopeic diaphragm 19, which typically has a circular diaphragm hole 19′, typically with a hole diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm, is situated in the beam path of each individual target-like beam 18 directed at the eye 3. The diaphragm hole 19′ is also imaged sharply on the iris of an optical imaging unit 20, preferably also in the form of an aspherical lens, so that the at least three target light beams 18 imaged in the ocular imaging plane 16 are situated in an equal distribution on a circular line, in which the diameter of the circle is between 3 and 15 millimeters, preferably 5 to 8 millimeters, especially preferably 6 millimeters. The midpoint of the circle of the geometric center of the therapy beam 10, is imaged sharply in the ocular image plane, which corresponds to the geometric center. Additional details will be explained below with FIG. 2 in this context.

Furthermore, the treatment device 1 designed according to the invention has another light source 22, whose light is also in the visible spectral range but clearly differs in wavelength from the target light beams 18, giving a different color impression. The light source 22 is arranged on the back of the optical deflecting unit 13. The optical deflecting unit 13 is preferably designed as a partially transparent mirror, which deflects the therapy beam 10 with the lowest possible loss, on the one hand, but, on the other hand, the light emitted by the light source 22 passes through the mirror with almost no loss. A stenopeic diaphragm 23, which shapes a so-called fixation light beam 24 that additionally passes through the aspherical lens 15 along the second optical axis 14, is situated directly downstream from the light source 22. The fixation light beam 24 is directed by this aspherical lens at the eye in such a way that the fixation light beam 24 is imaged sharply on the retina 25 of the eye 3 to be treated. The fixation light beam 24 helps the patient in particular to leave the direction of view of the eye 3 to be treated unchanged during the therapeutic measure.

FIG. 2 a shows an enlarged schematic side view of the optical design for generating the target light beams 18. Of the at least three target light beams 18, FIG. 2 a shows two target light beams 18, an LED light source 19 being mounted inside the treatment device 1 to generate these target light beams. The LED light source 19 emits light in the visible spectral range, preferably green light which passes through a stenopeic diaphragm 20, which is situated in the immediate vicinity of the light source 19 and has a diaphragm hole 20′ with a hole diameter of preferably 1 mm. The target light beam 18 passing through the stenopeic diaphragm 20 subsequently goes to an optical imaging unit 20, which is designed as an aspherical lens 21 that images the diaphragm hole 20′ sharply in the ocular imaging plane 16.

The aspherical lenses 20 assigned to the respective beam paths of the at least three target light beams 18 are arranged in an equal distribution around and directly next to the aspherical lens 15, which serves to image the therapy beam 10 on the ocular imaging plane 16. Thus the images of the diaphragm holes 20′ are distributed uniformly in the ocular imaging plane 16 along a circular line, whose circle diameter is typically 6 mm. The diaphragm hole images 26 along the circular line 27 are illustrated in FIG. 2 b. As soon as an ophthalmologist to be performing the treatment has adjusted the device with respect to the eye 3 to be treated such that the reflection pattern illustrated in FIG. 2 b is obtained on the surface of the eye, that is, the reflected images 26 of the diaphragm holes 20′ are arranged concentrically with the pupil 28 of the eye 3 to be treated, the concentricity of the therapy beam 10 in the x direction relative to the eye is then ensured. As soon as the treating physician can perceive all three reflected images 26 sharply on the iris of the eye 3 to be treated, this also ensures that the correct distance h between the treatment device 1 and the eye 3 has been set.

FIGS. 3 a, b and c show different embodiments of etching diaphragms 12 each having diaphragm regions 29 that are permeable for the therapy beam 10. Each diaphragm region is surrounded by a diaphragm region 30 that remains opaque for the therapy beam 10. The spatial distribution and the design of the shape and size of the plurality of individual diaphragm regions 29 that are permeable for the therapy beam can be selected as desired and are selected according to the type and properties of the respective eye to be treated. For example, if an energy distribution is to be created along the beam cross section of the therapy beam, corresponding to the energy profile illustrated in FIG. 3 a, which is largely characterized by a rectangular energy profile with a central dip in the energy distribution, then the diaphragm regions 29 that are permeable for the therapy beam are designed in the size and shape according to the etching diaphragm 12 illustrated in FIG. 3 a. The permeable diaphragm regions 29 may be circular, elliptical, rectangular, segmented or basically one-piece cohesive surface regions of any desired shape. FIG. 3 b shows the permeable diaphragm regions 29 as segmented surface shapes; FIG. 3 c shows an exemplary embodiment having an asymmetrical energy distribution along the beam cross section, especially since the largest permeable diaphragm region 29 is positioned excentrically with respect to the geometric midpoint M of the etching diaphragm 12. Furthermore, several smaller diaphragm regions are arranged excentrically and asymmetrically in relation to the midpoint M of the diaphragm. FIG. 3 d shows a graticule 33, which has a line grid centrally with a plurality of intersecting lines, each representing plate regions 35 that are opaque for the therapy beam. The therapy beam is diminished in the region of the line grid, so that the therapy beam passing through the graticule 33 undergoes a weakening of intensity at the center of the beam, whereas the beam passing through in the region of the permeable plate regions 34 does not experience any weakening.

FIG. 4 shows a detailed diagram for the creation of the fixation beam of light 24, which is used for the patient to be treated, to hold the eye 3 that is to be treated with the therapy beam as immovably and as accurately as possible, to be aligned with the fixation beam of light 24 during the treatment. To this end, an LED light source 22, which emits light in the visible spectral range, is positioned on the back, facing the optical deflection unit 13. The optical deflection unit 13 is fundamentally designed as a full mirror for the therapy beam, which is not shown in FIG. 4, but it has an optical distributor function, at least in the central region, which makes it possible for light of the LED light source 22 to pass through the optical deflecting unit 13 during transmission. There is a stenopeic diaphragm with a diaphragm opening with a hole diameter of approximately 1 mm situated on the back with respect to the deflecting mirror 13, allowing the fixation beam to pass sharply in the direction of the second optical axis. The stenopeic diaphragm 23 may be implemented in the form of a material layer 23″ applied to the deflecting unit 13 at the back. This material layer is opaque for the light emitted by the LED light source 22, except for the diaphragm opening. The aspherical lens 15, which then follows in the beam path, images the diaphragm opening 23′ sharply on the retina 25 of the eye 3 when combined with the optical imaging properties of the eye 3 itself.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment for implementation of the treatment device according to the invention, with which it is possible to input another beam path, in addition to the therapy beam 10 and the fixation beam of light 24, along the second optical axis 14, with which the beam path of other diagnostic devices, for example, can be input for examination of the eye. To avoid repeated explanation of components that have been described already, the components shown in FIG. 6 are labeled with the same reference numerals already introduced and explained above. In contrast with the instrument design illustrated in FIG. 1, instead of an optical deflecting unit 13 designed as a distributor mirror, a prismatic distributor cube 13′ deflects the therapy beam 10 in the same way out of the first optical axis 9 and into the second optical axis 14, on the one hand, but is capable of inputting another beam path S along the second optical axis 14 for the eye examination, on the other hand. The additional beam path S thus originates, for example, from an arrangement for carrying out an optical coherence tomography, abbreviated as OCT 30, whose illumination and observation beam paths are deflected a scanner optical system 31 that deflects the beam path S for examination of the ocular fundus.

The fixation beam of light 24, which controls the direction of view for the patient to be treated, is input by a distributor mirror 32, which inputs the fixation light beam 24 at first along the first optical axis 9 superimposed on the therapy beam 10, which is directed onto the eye to be examined jointly with the therapy beam 10 within the distributor cube 13′ in the direction of the second optical axis 14.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   1 treatment device -   2 housing -   3 eye -   4 beam radiation source -   5 condenser unit -   6 first intermediate image plane -   7 illumination optical system -   7.1 lens -   7.2 lens -   8 second intermediate image plane -   9 first optical axis -   10 therapy beam -   11 iris diaphragm -   12 etched diaphragm -   13 optical deflecting unit -   13′ distributor cube -   14 second optical axis -   15 aspherical lens -   16 ocular imaging plane -   17 corneal surface -   18 target light beam -   20 stenopeic diaphragm -   20′ diaphragm hole -   21 optical imaging unit, aspherical lens -   22 light source -   23 stenopeic diaphragm -   23′ diaphragm opening -   23″ material layer with diaphragm opening -   24 fixation light beam -   25 retina -   26 reflected image of the diaphragm hole 20′ -   27 circular line -   28 pupil -   30 ophthalmoscope -   31 scanner optical system -   32 distributor mirror -   33 printed graticule -   34 transparent regions of the graticule -   35 opaque regions of the graticule 

1-9. (canceled)
 10. An ocular treatment device comprising a radiation source which emits UV light, an optical imaging system located downstream from the radiation source for imaging a therapy beam emitted by the radiation source in an ocular imaging plane, an optical condenser downstream from the radiation source, a diaphragm, means for influencing a spatial energy distribution of the therapy beam oriented along a cross section of the therapy beam and means for influencing a shape of the therapy beam, and wherein: the means for influencing the spatial energy distribution of the therapy beam is an etched diaphragm or a printed graticule; the means for influencing the beam shape comprises at least one aspherical optical lens, at least three spatially separate target light beams arranged spatially around the therapy beam and directed at the ocular imaging plane, along each of the target light beams is located a stenopeic diaphragm including a diaphragm hole which is imageable through an optical imager disposed in the ocular imaging plane which causes the at least three target light beams to be located on a circular line having a diameter between 3 and 15 mm; and a fixation light oriented at the ocular imaging plane is disposed along the therapy beam and is directed at the ocular imaging plane, a stenopeic diaphragm is disposed along the therapy beam with a diaphragm hole therein being imageable over an imaging optical system in an imaging plane downstream from the ocular imaging plane in a direction of the therapy beam.
 11. The treatment device according to claim 10, wherein the optical imaging system comprises: a condenser unit which images the therapy beam along a first optical axis in a first intermediate image plane; an illumination optical system including at least two optical lenses which image the first intermediate image plane in a second intermediate image plane; at least one aspherical optical lens which images the second intermediate imaging plane in the ocular imaging plane; and an optical deflector disposed between the illumination optical system and the at least one aspherical optical lens which deflects the therapy beam along the first optical axis into a second optical axis directed at the ocular imaging plane.
 12. The treatment device according to claim 10, wherein: between the at least two optical lenses of the illumination optical system, an iris diaphragm is disposed and the means for a spatial energy distribution comprises an etched diaphragm or a printed graticule which is disposed outside of the second intermediate image plane.
 13. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein: between the at least two optical lenses of the illumination optical system, an iris diaphragm is disposed and the means for a spatial energy distribution comprises an etched diaphragm or a printed graticule which is disposed outside of the second intermediate image plane.
 14. The treatment device according to claim 12, wherein: the etched diaphragm has a plurality of diaphragm regions that are permeable to the therapy beam with each region being surrounded by a diaphragm region which is opaque for the therapy beam; each of the plurality of diaphragm regions is subdivided into at least two groups in which the permeable diaphragm regions vary in shape and/or size; and the permeable diaphragm regions are etched.
 15. The treatment device according to claim 13, wherein: the etched diaphragm has a plurality of diaphragm regions that are permeable to the therapy beam with each region being surrounded by a diaphragm region which is opaque for the therapy beam; each of the plurality of diaphragm regions is subdivided into at least two groups, in which the permeable diaphragm regions vary in shape and/or size; and the permeable diaphragm regions are etched.
 16. The treatment device according to claim 12, wherein: the graticule includes plate regions which are permeable to the therapy beam with each plate region being surrounded at least partially by a plate region that is opaque to the therapy beam; and each of the permeable plate regions is subdivided into at least two groups in which the permeable plate regions differ in shape and/or size and the opaque plate regions are printed.
 17. The treatment device according to claim 13, wherein: the graticule includes plate regions which are permeable to the therapy beam with each plate region being surrounded at least partially by a plate region that is opaque to the therapy beam; and each of the permeable plate regions is subdivided into at least two groups in which the permeable plate regions differ in shape and/or size and the opaque plate regions are printed.
 18. The treatment device according to claims 10, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 19. The treatment device according to claims 11, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 20. The treatment device according to claims 12, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 21. The treatment device according to claims 13, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 22. The treatment device according to claims 14, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 23. The treatment device according to claims 15, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 24. The treatment device according to claims 16, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 25. The treatment device according to claims 17, comprising: a light source for generating one of the at least three target light beams; and the optical imager which images a diaphragm hole of a stenopeic diaphragm on the ocular imaging plane is an aspherical lens.
 26. The treatment device according to claim 11, comprising: at least three targeted light beams each having an optical axis, a light source, a stenopeic diaphragm and an aspherical lens disposed along an optical axis of the three target light beams.
 27. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein: the imaging optical system images the fixation light beam on the imaging plane downstream from the ocular imaging plane to influence a form of the therapy beam.
 28. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein: the optical deflector reflects the therapy beam and transmits the fixation light beam, and further comprises a light source for generating the fixation light beam and a stenopeic diaphragm disposed along a second optical axis to the optical deflecting unit of the aspherical optical lens. 